stm32 기본/ LED toggle

1. LED toggle

while안에

HAL_GPIO_TogglePin (LD2_GPIO_Port, LD2_Pin); HAL_Delay (500);

• HAL library 사용, LD2(PA5) - GPIO로 설정되있는거 확인

 

+) RCC란

• RCC: 오실레이터를 하드웨어적으로 16MHz적용해도, STM32는 32비트라 내부 PLL회로를 거쳐 더 높은 클럭을 만들어 낼 수 있음. 그걸 설정하는 게 RCC임
• 지금은 일단 Disable로 설정하고 실습
• STM32 시스템에 클럭을 공급하는 방법은 HSI, HSE, PLL 이 있는데, PLL은 다시 그 소스로 HSI를 사용하는 방법과, HSE를 사용하는 방법이 있다.

+) 클럭설정

F103 시리즈 최대 클럭은 72MHz, 하지만 내부 클럭으로는 64MHz까지 가능

 

 

 

2. 시리얼통신(USART2)로 printf 실습

• 테라텀 시리얼 통신으로 설정하고, 보오 레이트 115200으로 맞춰주기(아니면 외계어로 깨짐)
• 먼저 IDE로 코드 run 시키고 tera term 켜면 확인 가능
• printf함수 처리하려면 syscalls.c 파일 필요. (해당프로젝트-Core-Src- syscalls.c 에서 확인가능)
• 26째 줄에 아래 코드 먼저 선언해야함
  • stdio 선언
  • /* USER CODE END Includes / #include <stdio.h> / Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
• ifdef는 뒤에 적힌 GNUC가 정의되어 있다면 다음 코드들을 실행하는 거임

• 포팅 코드 (중요 중요 중요!) !!!!!!표준 출력장치를 USART2 장치로 포팅해야함
  • 포팅 코드: HAL_UART_Transmit 함수에서 출력하려는 UART 페리페럴을 정확히 지정해야함

///* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */여기 아래에 적기
//포팅코드+문자 설정(?)

#ifdef __GNUC__
/* With GCC, small printf (option LD Linker -> Libraries -> Small printf
 * set to 'Yes') calls __io_putchar() */
#define PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE int __io_putchar(int ch)
#else
#define PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
#endif /* __GNUC__*/

/**
 * @brief Retargets the C library printf function to the USART.
 * @param None
 * @retval None
 */
PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE
{
	/* Place your implementation of fputc here */
	/* e.g. write a character to the USART1 and Loop
	 * until the end of transmission */
	if(ch == '\n')
		HAL_UART_Transmit (&huart2, (uint8_t*) "\r", 1, 0xFFFF);
		HAL_UART_Transmit (&huart2, (uint8_t*) &ch, 1, 0xFFFF);

	return ch;
}

/* USER CODE END 0 */

 

 

 

 

전체 코드

    ```c
    /* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
    /**
      ******************************************************************************
      * @file           : main.c
      * @brief          : Main program body
      ******************************************************************************
      * @attention
      *
      * Copyright (c) 2022 STMicroelectronics.
      * All rights reserved.
      *
      * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
      * in the root directory of this software component.
      * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
      *
      ******************************************************************************
      */
    /* USER CODE END Header */
    /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    #include "main.h"
    
    /* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
    /* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
    
    /* USER CODE END Includes */
    #include <stdio.h>
    /* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
    /* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
    
    /* USER CODE END PTD */
    
    /* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
    /* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
    /* USER CODE END PD */
    
    /* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
    /* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
    
    /* USER CODE END PM */
    
    /* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
    UART_HandleTypeDef huart2;
    
    /* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
    
    /* USER CODE END PV */
    
    /* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
    void SystemClock_Config(void);
    static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
    static void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void);
    /* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
    
    /* USER CODE END PFP */
    
    /* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
    /* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
    #ifdef __GNUC__
    /* With GCC, small printf (option LD Linker -> Libraries -> Small printf
     * set to 'Yes') calls __io_putchar() */
    #define PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE int __io_putchar(int ch)
    #else
    #define PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
    #endif /* __GNUC__*/
    
    /**
     * @brief Retargets the C library printf function to the USART.
     * @param None
     * @retval None
     */
    PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE
    {
    	/* Place your implementation of fputc here */
    	/* e.g. write a character to the USART1 and Loop
    	 * until the end of transmission */
    	if(ch == '\n')
    		HAL_UART_Transmit (&huart2, (uint8_t*) "\r", 1, 0xFFFF);
    		HAL_UART_Transmit (&huart2, (uint8_t*) &ch, 1, 0xFFFF);
    
    	return ch;
    }
    
    /* USER CODE END 0 */
    
    /**
      * @brief  The application entry point.
      * @retval int
      */
    int main(void)
    {
      /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
    
      /* USER CODE END 1 */
    
      /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
    
      /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
      HAL_Init();
    
      /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
    
      /* USER CODE END Init */
    
      /* Configure the system clock */
      SystemClock_Config();
    
      /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
    
      /* USER CODE END SysInit */
    
      /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
      MX_GPIO_Init();
      MX_USART2_UART_Init();
      /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
    
      /* USER CODE END 2 */
    
      /* Infinite loop */
      /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
      while (1)
      {
    	  printf ("Hello World!\n");
    	  HAL_Delay (1000);
        /* USER CODE END WHILE */
    
        /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
      }
      /* USER CODE END 3 */
    }
    
    /**
      * @brief System Clock Configuration
      * @retval None
      */
    void SystemClock_Config(void)
    {
      RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
      RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
    
      /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
      * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
      */
      RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;
      RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
      RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;
      RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
      RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSI_DIV2;
      RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL16;
      if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
      {
        Error_Handler();
      }
    
      /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
      */
      RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                                  |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
      RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
      RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
      RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
      RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
    
      if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
      {
        Error_Handler();
      }
    }
    
    /**
      * @brief USART2 Initialization Function
      * @param None
      * @retval None
      */
    static void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void)
    {
    
      /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 0 */
    
      /* USER CODE END USART2_Init 0 */
    
      /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 1 */
    
      /* USER CODE END USART2_Init 1 */
      huart2.Instance = USART2;
      huart2.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
      huart2.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
      huart2.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
      huart2.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
      huart2.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
      huart2.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
      huart2.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
      if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart2) != HAL_OK)
      {
        Error_Handler();
      }
      /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 2 */
    
      /* USER CODE END USART2_Init 2 */
    
    }
    
    /**
      * @brief GPIO Initialization Function
      * @param None
      * @retval None
      */
    static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
    {
      GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
    
      /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
      __HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();
      __HAL_RCC_GPIOD_CLK_ENABLE();
      __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
      __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();
    
      /*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LD2_GPIO_Port, LD2_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
    
      /*Configure GPIO pin : B1_Pin */
      GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = B1_Pin;
      GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_IT_RISING;
      GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
      HAL_GPIO_Init(B1_GPIO_Port, &GPIO_InitStruct);
    
      /*Configure GPIO pin : LD2_Pin */
      GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = LD2_Pin;
      GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
      GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
      GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
      HAL_GPIO_Init(LD2_GPIO_Port, &GPIO_InitStruct);
    
      /* EXTI interrupt init*/
      HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(EXTI15_10_IRQn, 0, 0);
      HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(EXTI15_10_IRQn);
    
    }
    
    /* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
    
    /* USER CODE END 4 */
    
    /**
      * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
      * @retval None
      */
    void Error_Handler(void)
    {
      /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
      /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
      __disable_irq();
      while (1)
      {
      }
      /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
    }
    
    #ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
    /**
      * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
      *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
      * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
      * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
      * @retval None
      */
    void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
    {
      /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
      /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
         ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
      /* USER CODE END 6 */
    }
    #endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
    ```

•  
• 테라텀 시리얼 통신으로 설정하고, Baud rate 115200으로 맞춰주기(아니면 외계어로 깨짐)
• 먼저 IDE로 코드 run 시키고 tera term 켜면 확인 가능